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Baikal is a six-36-kilometre water pearl of Russia, stretched as a semi-month in the north-east direction (the width of the lake varies between 27 and 81 kilometers) and a maximum depth of about 1,637 metres (the mean depth of Baikal is 730 metres). The coastline of Baikal, which does not take account of its part north of the island of Jarca, is 1,850 kilometres long, and more than half of the coastline is under the control and protection of lake environmental protection organizations. Since 1996, Baikal has been placed on the UNESCO Natural Heritage List, which shows its relevance not only to Russia but also to the world community.

In Baikal, only more than 2,6,000 species/subspects of animals are registered and about 1,000 are plant organisms, with about half of plants and more than four fifths of endemic animals (uniquely). The lake ' s fauna is supplemented by 58 species of different fish, including charius, time, oser, omelet, sig, recognized taste, more than 200 species of birds and about 2,000 species of plant.
The lake ' s age is estimated at 20 to several decades. The Baikal was created by the influence of the tectonic forces, which led to the formation of a colossal dimension of chasha at a height of 454 metres above the sea level filled with purely clean water, by mineral composition close to distilled and with a transparency of about 40 metres (the transparency of the recognized reference, Sargassa Sea, about 65 metres). Baikal ' s calculated freshwater resources are the fifth of all world reserves and about 90 per cent of Russia ' s freshwater resources.

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